Colab_Class_13.ipynb

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    "kernelspec": {
      "name": "python3",
      "display_name": "Python 3"
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    "language_info": {
      "name": "python"
    }
  },
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### **Dictionary**\n",
        "\n",
        "1. Initialize a dictionary\n",
        "2. Create a dictionary with items\n",
        "3. dict.fromkeys\n",
        "4. Dictionary is mutable (keys & values - what can be added?)\n",
        "5. keys, values, items\n",
        "6. Accessing Items in Dictionary (get method)\n",
        "7. Modifying a dictionary\n",
        "8. update method\n",
        "9. deleting items in dictionary\n",
        "10. clear\n",
        "11. pop\n",
        "12. popitem\n",
        "13. Looping through dictionary\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Hx9d4Dmam8Fa"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 1,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "XuImjtXWm6CG",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "54e9531d-97f7-411e-c726-536c521ee46e"
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{}\n",
            "<class 'dict'>\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "# initialize a dictionary\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {}\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(type(d))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {1,2,3}\n",
        "print(type(d))\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "16FWxWOXFK4S",
        "outputId": "65e27499-4074-4fb4-b2fd-007d5e5afedd"
      },
      "execution_count": 2,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "<class 'set'>\n",
            "{1, 2, 3}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {'A':2, 'B': 3} # key-value format\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(type(d))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "jhjbZw8dFQhR",
        "outputId": "696833c0-535a-466e-e50b-9afaeb051369"
      },
      "execution_count": 3,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': 2, 'B': 3}\n",
            "<class 'dict'>\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d1 = dict()\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(type(d1))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "tdroLYudFf5G",
        "outputId": "bfbc47b1-7e4d-488b-b1a1-89892cfda626"
      },
      "execution_count": 4,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{}\n",
            "<class 'dict'>\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d2 = dict([])\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "print(type(d2))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "kL06mC2sFrY4",
        "outputId": "35162923-7da5-41ad-83ec-0a929eab5e04"
      },
      "execution_count": 6,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{}\n",
            "<class 'dict'>\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# dictionary is ordered\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {\"A\": 1, \"B\": 2, \"C\": 3}\n",
        "d2 = {1: [1,2,3], \"ABC\": 20, 2: 12, \"a\": (12,20)}\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ezCirepuF1sH",
        "outputId": "a3171a07-9dd8-4bf8-c783-729a915d265e"
      },
      "execution_count": 9,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': 1, 'B': 2, 'C': 3}\n",
            "{1: [1, 2, 3], 'ABC': 20, 2: 12, 'a': (12, 20)}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"A\": 1, \"B\": 2, \"C\": 3}\n",
        "\n",
        "for k in d:\n",
        "  print(\"Keys: \", k)\n",
        "  print(\"Values: \", d[k])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "usyCiRUXGY1S",
        "outputId": "bf2fb5b2-6ddd-44c4-8649-6405864a2a4d"
      },
      "execution_count": 11,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Keys:  A\n",
            "Values:  1\n",
            "Keys:  B\n",
            "Values:  2\n",
            "Keys:  C\n",
            "Values:  3\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "print(d['A'])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "TqPYVuiqHVe-",
        "outputId": "8b0d9543-59e7-480f-f134-faf1cbb0e565"
      },
      "execution_count": 12,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "1\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "print(d[0])"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 144
        },
        "id": "TIB1jbITHZXR",
        "outputId": "46478425-1358-4bd2-a42e-deee3c5964af"
      },
      "execution_count": 13,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "KeyError",
          "evalue": "0",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-13-c7332189be96>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 0"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# to access an element in a dictionary\n",
        "\n",
        "# dictionary_name[key]\n",
        "\n",
        "d['B']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "avNpe4YWHf6D",
        "outputId": "92d8396e-9df3-4e9b-a93d-ca43a4305001"
      },
      "execution_count": 14,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "2"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "s = {1,1.5,\"abc\",2,2.4,\"bca\",False}\n",
        "print(s)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "-K5KYvmGGAol",
        "outputId": "498c5fd3-f6fb-47f1-cdb4-4d6da0220ea2"
      },
      "execution_count": 8,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{False, 1, 2, 2.4, 'abc', 1.5, 'bca'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# duplicates are not allowed\n",
        "\n",
        "# 1,1.0,True are treated same\n",
        "# 0,0.0, False are treated same\n",
        "d = {1: 'A', 1.0: \"F\", True: 'B', 0: 'Z', 0.0: 'FZ', False: 'BZ'}\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "hCCJSuoaHyPv",
        "outputId": "cd5ebd13-4ca5-46ab-ad98-56f0d059def4"
      },
      "execution_count": 17,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{1: 'B', 0: 'BZ'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"1\": \"A\", 1.0: \"BZ\", True: \"B\"}\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "WaY3pTe5JDkT",
        "outputId": "d536654e-fea4-4f0f-9c8f-af016fc976bf"
      },
      "execution_count": 20,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'1': 'A', 1.0: 'B'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "a = \"Venky\"\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {a: 12}\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "\n",
        "a = \"RBR\"\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "OpNgsZrtKRVG",
        "outputId": "cf2dd552-c08d-49e4-cc8a-a0c9819bdb2b"
      },
      "execution_count": 23,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'Venky': 12}\n",
            "{'Venky': 12}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# duplicate values are allowed\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {'A': 12, 'B': 12, 'C': 12}\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Fj08rcW7JsHj",
        "outputId": "a5c49bfd-f772-4d78-82ce-09804d7cdbb3"
      },
      "execution_count": 22,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': 12, 'B': 12, 'C': 12}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "1==1.0"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "CmGCB_LeISAj",
        "outputId": "0296b65e-6e73-4d85-ca24-0a481464eba4"
      },
      "execution_count": 19,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 19
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# dict method\n",
        "\n",
        "d1 = dict(a=10, b=12, c=50, d=[12,30])\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(type(d1))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "waIDKYWLHof6",
        "outputId": "1454ed11-7605-46f6-83c2-2cb4105b3a4d"
      },
      "execution_count": 24,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 10, 'b': 12, 'c': 50, 'd': [12, 30]}\n",
            "<class 'dict'>\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d1 = dict(10,12,50,[12,24])\n",
        "print(d1)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "id": "7Fb-8HMXLVXB",
        "outputId": "9a047c7c-9f89-4dd7-bc50-54130b70de68"
      },
      "execution_count": 25,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "dict expected at most 1 argument, got 4",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-25-e6d7827debbb>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m50\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m24\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: dict expected at most 1 argument, got 4"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# copy a dictionary\n",
        "\n",
        "d1 = {'A': 12, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
        "\n",
        "d2 = d1 # dictionary is mutable\n",
        "\n",
        "print(id(d2))\n",
        "print(id(d1))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "MYUq3Y7WLl9T",
        "outputId": "f9b26ca0-b091-41fa-be4f-ff1e0afff25c"
      },
      "execution_count": 26,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "135765182677120\n",
            "135765182677120\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "print(d1)\n",
        "d1['A'] = 100\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "print(d1)\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "sEsSQGpoLykO",
        "outputId": "2b55e360-c12b-47f3-b1a5-7fd217450618"
      },
      "execution_count": 27,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': 12, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': 100, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': 100, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "print(d1)\n",
        "d3 = d1.copy()\n",
        "\n",
        "d1['A'] = 1000\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(d3)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "5GQ2n8ROMCws",
        "outputId": "79124933-33be-44fe-955f-942923ad2b3f"
      },
      "execution_count": 28,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': 100, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': 1000, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': 100, 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d1 = {'A': [10,20,30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
        "\n",
        "d2 = d1.copy()\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "\n",
        "d1['A'][1] = 100\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "\n",
        "# to overcome this, u go to deepcopy"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "bWEnzW7SMSg5",
        "outputId": "91037be1-2ca5-448d-b8de-8381a7a864d5"
      },
      "execution_count": 29,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': [10, 20, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 20, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 100, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 100, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "import copy\n",
        "\n",
        "d1 = {'A': [10,20,30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
        "\n",
        "d2 = copy.deepcopy(d1)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "\n",
        "d1['A'][1] = 100\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d1)\n",
        "print(d2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ic24lUGHMv5L",
        "outputId": "11b05b53-f441-4134-9c6e-1920c38b986a"
      },
      "execution_count": 30,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'A': [10, 20, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 20, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 100, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n",
            "{'A': [10, 20, 30], 'B': 20, 'C': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {'a': 10, 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
        "\n",
        "d_2 = dict(d)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d_2)\n",
        "\n",
        "d['a'] = 100\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d_2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4mhMmVejM-qH",
        "outputId": "e9ced0b4-8aa7-4321-d677-d59411c02612"
      },
      "execution_count": 32,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 10, 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': 10, 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': 100, 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': 10, 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {'a': [100,200,300], 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
        "\n",
        "d_2 = dict(d) # similar to d.copy() method\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d_2)\n",
        "\n",
        "d['a'][1] = 1000\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d_2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "1MZMNm5fNmba",
        "outputId": "faa6b34e-6578-4664-dfa8-5264d4316097"
      },
      "execution_count": 33,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [100, 200, 300], 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': [100, 200, 300], 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': [100, 1000, 300], 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n",
            "{'a': [100, 1000, 300], 'b': 20, 'c': 30}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"a\": 1, \"b\": 2}\n",
        "print(\"d\")\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(id(d))\n",
        "d2 = d\n",
        "print(\"d2\")\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "print(id(d2))\n",
        "d3 = d.copy()\n",
        "print(\"d3\")\n",
        "print(d3)\n",
        "print(id(d3))\n",
        "d4 = dict(d)\n",
        "print(\"d4\")\n",
        "print(d4)\n",
        "print(id(d4))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "qDgHALM9N9sz",
        "outputId": "9d1b7cef-4960-4126-d2bf-85b72fe38919"
      },
      "execution_count": 34,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "d\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "135765556866368\n",
            "d2\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "135765556866368\n",
            "d3\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "135765182817728\n",
            "d4\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "135765182768128\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "print(d)\n",
        "d['b'] = 1000\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(d2)\n",
        "print(d3)\n",
        "print(d4)\n",
        "\n",
        "# copy.deepcopy"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4soDDEu6OnHy",
        "outputId": "ec9ef831-a5da-47f6-b6e0-e09b490fe346"
      },
      "execution_count": 35,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 1000}\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 1000}\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n",
            "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# creating dictionary using iterables - list, tuples\n",
        "\n",
        "d = dict([(\"a\",2), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10)])\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "81WP4VmmPGqE",
        "outputId": "8528c8ce-58e3-4118-9754-c7bd6e4ff5ea"
      },
      "execution_count": 36,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 2, 'b': 4, 'c': 10}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict([(\"a\",2), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (\"d\", 100, 2)])\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "id": "QcK3nl6dPoiP",
        "outputId": "e3c8be75-0fa1-4cab-d8bc-4be9bfbb3742"
      },
      "execution_count": 37,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "ValueError",
          "evalue": "dictionary update sequence element #3 has length 3; 2 is required",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-37-81107a9d58e1>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"a\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"b\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"c\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"d\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m100\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: dictionary update sequence element #3 has length 3; 2 is required"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict([(\"a\",2), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\")])\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "w0LdQ855PwD8",
        "outputId": "23134927-fbc6-4ef4-984e-0184cac91e07"
      },
      "execution_count": 38,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 2, 'b': 4, 'c': 10, 100: 'd'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict(((\"a\",2), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\")))\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4vGE292uP2TH",
        "outputId": "7866e25c-f17d-4ef3-df73-607ef8011251"
      },
      "execution_count": 39,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 2, 'b': 4, 'c': 10, 100: 'd'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict((\"a\",2), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\"))\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "id": "QT9HdxV7P6oc",
        "outputId": "ebb96e6d-e332-465d-bc5b-443f6fd02d4d"
      },
      "execution_count": 40,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "dict expected at most 1 argument, got 4",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-40-a914582c6dbc>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"a\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"b\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"c\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m100\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"d\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: dict expected at most 1 argument, got 4"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict([(\"a\",[1,2,3]), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\")])\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "X9rSfQrZQD7G",
        "outputId": "22216b9f-8e03-4bef-b144-f740eaf3e89c"
      },
      "execution_count": 41,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [1, 2, 3], 'b': 4, 'c': 10, 100: 'd'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict([(\"a\",[1,2,3]), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\")], virat=120)\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "a2HAAbOtQNKi",
        "outputId": "02a17ee5-44fd-471d-fa55-bfef0c43f238"
      },
      "execution_count": 43,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [1, 2, 3], 'b': 4, 'c': 10, 100: 'd', 'virat': 120}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "virat = \"ABC\"\n",
        "d = dict([(virat, 120)])\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "\n",
        "d2 = dict([(120, virat)])\n",
        "print(d2)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "aY26vaZAQoLL",
        "outputId": "7995c3ed-301c-4b87-c2f4-bf7b3ac606bf"
      },
      "execution_count": 54,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'ABC': 120}\n",
            "{120: 'ABC'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = dict([(\"a\",[1,2,3]), (\"b\", 4), (\"c\", 10), (100,\"d\")], virat=120, rohit=100)\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Vn0s4GTMQf-s",
        "outputId": "b2f1f820-b1c7-4cd6-b34b-851d0877e37b"
      },
      "execution_count": 51,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [1, 2, 3], 'b': 4, 'c': 10, 100: 'd', 'virat': 120, 'rohit': 100}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "virat"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 36
        },
        "id": "WToD7ZGZRNNT",
        "outputId": "cce840c9-0da1-44ff-ff61-3c006777fb23"
      },
      "execution_count": 52,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'ABC'"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 52
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Creating dictionary fromkeys method**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Umhipb1sTpPn"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "students = ['venky', 'viky', 'abi', 'sai', 'vasanth']\n",
        "\n",
        "d = dict.fromkeys(students) # default value is None\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "fujvNAfFTaF-",
        "outputId": "61ac1a0f-13ae-4f21-e5e6-0665ebb9a531"
      },
      "execution_count": 55,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'venky': None, 'viky': None, 'abi': None, 'sai': None, 'vasanth': None}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "students = ['venky', 'viky', 'abi', 'sai', 'vasanth']\n",
        "\n",
        "d = dict.fromkeys(students, 0)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "TPqB6m4XUGd4",
        "outputId": "37f95595-6e98-4bd5-aeab-75cfb918843a"
      },
      "execution_count": 56,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'venky': 0, 'viky': 0, 'abi': 0, 'sai': 0, 'vasanth': 0}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "students = ('venky', 'viky', 'abi', 'sai', 'vasanth')\n",
        "\n",
        "d = dict.fromkeys(students, 0)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "IYua6KRYUQ6d",
        "outputId": "7a2c4b3b-f067-4ef2-fc2a-c9d98db8eb1d"
      },
      "execution_count": 57,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'venky': 0, 'viky': 0, 'abi': 0, 'sai': 0, 'vasanth': 0}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "students = ('venky', 'viky', 'abi', 'sai', 'vasanth')\n",
        "\n",
        "d = dict.fromkeys(students, [1,2,3])\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "ZaanO5PEUUnP",
        "outputId": "143c387f-86a0-44c8-f56a-b8c119ce523b"
      },
      "execution_count": 58,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'venky': [1, 2, 3], 'viky': [1, 2, 3], 'abi': [1, 2, 3], 'sai': [1, 2, 3], 'vasanth': [1, 2, 3]}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# keys and values in dictionary\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {'a': [12,20,30], 'b': (20,30,40), 'c': {12,30,40}, 'd': {10:20,20:30,30:40}} # dictionary inside dictionary is possible as a value\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "JxG4GT04UfEU",
        "outputId": "2257df39-c438-499a-d9f0-d2c8106cd91b"
      },
      "execution_count": 59,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [12, 20, 30], 'b': (20, 30, 40), 'c': {40, 12, 30}, 'd': {10: 20, 20: 30, 30: 40}}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {(12,30,40): 'b'} # tuple as a key\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9Gft34LiU4W3",
        "outputId": "a72adec8-034f-4049-fc99-4de11791107b"
      },
      "execution_count": 61,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{(12, 30, 40): 'b'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {(12,30,40): 'b', [12,30,40]: 'c'} # list as a key is not possible\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "id": "KAyGqbBUVTVO",
        "outputId": "0dd110a4-e7bd-4e04-e61a-fb5a0b08536d"
      },
      "execution_count": 62,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "unhashable type: 'list'",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-62-24a921d72cbf>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m30\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m40\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'b'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m30\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m40\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'c'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m# list as a key\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unhashable type: 'list'"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# list, set, dictionaries - are mutable (so it cannot be passed as a key to a dictionary)\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {(12,30,[12,30]): \"A\"}\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 198
        },
        "id": "pEIrtCcCV2mJ",
        "outputId": "1edaf96a-1101-4221-dea8-471d53c814ea"
      },
      "execution_count": 65,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "unhashable type: 'list'",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-65-db36020e142c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 3>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m# list, set, dictionaries - are mutable (so it cannot be passed as a key to a dictionary)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m{\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m30\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m12\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m30\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"A\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m}\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unhashable type: 'list'"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"a\": 12, \"b\": 13, \"c\": 100}\n",
        "print(len(d))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "_HEnlEevWmVz",
        "outputId": "d09ce854-3355-48ba-a695-9c04cd94489c"
      },
      "execution_count": 66,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "3\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"a\": 12, \"b\": 13, \"c\": 100, 1:\"A\", \"1\": \"ABC\", 1.0:\"2\", False: \"True\"}\n",
        "print(d)\n",
        "print(len(d))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "fsFIsCOfVvfq",
        "outputId": "6fea4550-7b79-4f71-8e2f-941b7f61839a"
      },
      "execution_count": 68,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 12, 'b': 13, 'c': 100, 1: '2', '1': 'ABC', False: 'True'}\n",
            "6\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# keys, values, items\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {\"Virat\": 55.4, \"Rohit\": 46.9, \"Sachin\": 60.9}\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d.keys())\n",
        "print(d.values())\n",
        "print(d.items())"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "IEmhmGtAXYP3",
        "outputId": "72c53aa2-274c-42b6-f21c-d4aaa40498a3"
      },
      "execution_count": 69,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "dict_keys(['Virat', 'Rohit', 'Sachin'])\n",
            "dict_values([55.4, 46.9, 60.9])\n",
            "dict_items([('Virat', 55.4), ('Rohit', 46.9), ('Sachin', 60.9)])\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "for k in d.keys():\n",
        "  print(\"Keys: -->\", k)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "2JWTgQkCX4W6",
        "outputId": "9f567989-799b-4a8e-d969-13864a9d5d13"
      },
      "execution_count": 70,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Keys: --> Virat\n",
            "Keys: --> Rohit\n",
            "Keys: --> Sachin\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "for k in d.values():\n",
        "  print(\"Values: -->\", k)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Mr6x3SP5X-s2",
        "outputId": "a45aff15-7a31-4edb-b427-391b27d08dbf"
      },
      "execution_count": 71,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Values: --> 55.4\n",
            "Values: --> 46.9\n",
            "Values: --> 60.9\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "for k in d.items():\n",
        "  print(\"Items: -->\", k)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "b9j4ZcMjYDtj",
        "outputId": "7800cb46-9d0e-41c9-b84d-a25b98b01fd5"
      },
      "execution_count": 72,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Items: --> ('Virat', 55.4)\n",
            "Items: --> ('Rohit', 46.9)\n",
            "Items: --> ('Sachin', 60.9)\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "for k, v in d.items():\n",
        "  print(\"Key: -->\", k, \"; Values-->\", v)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "MbHiN-n7YK4u",
        "outputId": "d82da80e-75a6-4bc5-c0b2-1a8c5834ccdf"
      },
      "execution_count": 74,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Key: --> Virat ; Values--> 55.4\n",
            "Key: --> Rohit ; Values--> 46.9\n",
            "Key: --> Sachin ; Values--> 60.9\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### **Accessing in a dictionary**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "WnBjxjrLYnL2"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"Virat\": 55.4, \"Rohit\": 46.9, \"Sachin\": 60.9}\n",
        "\n",
        "d['Virat']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "DdgapUwhYrZu",
        "outputId": "d2a35fe1-2496-4a43-bf81-159e78db77a3"
      },
      "execution_count": 75,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "55.4"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 75
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d['Sky']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 144
        },
        "id": "16iiBTo0Yy6C",
        "outputId": "daa2819c-faea-4008-d3b5-1312dafec57a"
      },
      "execution_count": 76,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "KeyError",
          "evalue": "'Sky'",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-76-6765abbd3163>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Sky'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Sky'"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# get() method\n",
        "\n",
        "d = {\"Virat\": 55.4, \"Rohit\": 46.9, \"Sachin\": 60.9}\n",
        "\n",
        "d.get(\"Virat\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "aWFThjj5Y5re",
        "outputId": "11332cec-51f9-4d91-d081-707f344c97cb"
      },
      "execution_count": 77,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "55.4"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 77
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "a = d.get(\"Sky\")\n",
        "b = d.get(\"Virat\")\n",
        "print(a)\n",
        "print(b)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "_z7FwRN3ZFZn",
        "outputId": "94b2945c-85ec-41ac-fb47-efa382d42158"
      },
      "execution_count": 80,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "None\n",
            "55.4\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d.get(\"Sky\", -1) # get(key, default_val)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9-oSHYf3ZYK2",
        "outputId": "e52f3db6-4a16-4b8a-91c0-29df2d3f40c6"
      },
      "execution_count": 81,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "-1"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 81
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d.get(\"Sky\", \"Key Not Found\") # get(key, default_val)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 36
        },
        "id": "fqb-fb72ZhAr",
        "outputId": "0702ba20-a02a-405d-9143-1790b3c53e8b"
      },
      "execution_count": 82,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'Key Not Found'"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 82
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### **Modifying a dictionary**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "85dI-b_3Zt_l"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"Virat\": 55.4, \"Rohit\": 46.9, \"Sachin\": 60.9}\n",
        "\n",
        "d['Virat'] = [100,56,78] # keys in dictionary needs to be unique\n",
        "\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "buMwYWn5Zw0Y",
        "outputId": "38a3cb7a-a2d6-4826-db43-066c8ae2cb40"
      },
      "execution_count": 83,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'Virat': [100, 56, 78], 'Rohit': 46.9, 'Sachin': 60.9}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# in operator\n",
        "\n",
        "'Virat' in d"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "vLmYwR9DaFMz",
        "outputId": "291a4561-70a9-4fbc-bee0-644fbca21775"
      },
      "execution_count": 84,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 84
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "'Virat' not in d"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "-1lgDD5LaKxs",
        "outputId": "4e5340f0-5f97-46f4-fd2c-7dae6f6a1cb7"
      },
      "execution_count": 85,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 85
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "'Sky' not in d"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "6H66D0lqaNPn",
        "outputId": "2f162373-89c0-4753-baff-953ddd2321f9"
      },
      "execution_count": 86,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 86
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"Virat\": \"Sky\", \"Rohit\": \"Pant\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "\"Sky\" in d"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "m44KL8zoaQGI",
        "outputId": "71be863a-2162-4938-e406-0c8182ab2553"
      },
      "execution_count": 87,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 87
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "\"Sky\" in d.values()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "GBFV0et3adpj",
        "outputId": "864b62c0-b2c0-435f-9837-943e6452111f"
      },
      "execution_count": 88,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 88
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### **Update Method**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "igUiJqX7ataV"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict = {\"name\": \"Venky\", \"age\": 26, \"profession\": \"teaching\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "print(my_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "hmd7Mt1Vardn",
        "outputId": "6f788b9d-3d46-416a-cf35-8efb15026267"
      },
      "execution_count": 89,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'name': 'Venky', 'age': 26, 'profession': 'teaching'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict.update(name = \"Viky\", age = 30)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(my_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "uolfjZ5ha9B1",
        "outputId": "f0301226-8e9c-4c30-e857-2ae5b951cd7c"
      },
      "execution_count": 90,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'name': 'Viky', 'age': 30, 'profession': 'teaching'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict = {\"name\": \"Venky\", \"age\": 26, \"profession\": \"teaching\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "other_dict = {\"salary\": 1000, \"education\": \"Mtech\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "my_dict.update(other_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZNy3zAX1bWyX"
      },
      "execution_count": 91,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"a\": [12]}\n",
        "d[\"a\"].append(20)\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "_Xed-40Pb81V",
        "outputId": "d2dc032a-8321-4f40-8ec1-2c9e5c19b857"
      },
      "execution_count": 93,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': [12, 20]}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d = {\"a\": 1, \"a\": 2}\n",
        "print(d)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "0CVUGlyZcFRh",
        "outputId": "ea524a0f-1d88-4a10-a1dc-9183cc82d046"
      },
      "execution_count": 94,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'a': 2}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "H45vPL5-bicP",
        "outputId": "57fec41e-0fd6-4284-e546-dc6ff025e8fd"
      },
      "execution_count": 92,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'name': 'Venky',\n",
              " 'age': 26,\n",
              " 'profession': 'teaching',\n",
              " 'salary': 1000,\n",
              " 'education': 'Mtech'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 92
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict = {\"name\": \"Viky\", \"age\": 30, \"profession\": \"teaching\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "other_dict = [\"salary\", 10000], [\"education\", \"btech\"]\n",
        "\n",
        "my_dict.update(other_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3yJjLgVBcUGz"
      },
      "execution_count": 107,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "type(other_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "WyBZ8mnGc4Ak",
        "outputId": "d79cc4fa-a59c-4b9b-bc56-b8cf60bea2c0"
      },
      "execution_count": 103,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "tuple"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 103
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "rj01ByzHccCb",
        "outputId": "abe83ef6-9f18-4d78-a011-59ef59694ff1"
      },
      "execution_count": 108,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'name': 'Viky',\n",
              " 'age': 30,\n",
              " 'profession': 'teaching',\n",
              " 'salary': 10000,\n",
              " 'education': 'btech'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 108
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "zUBxtfxNc9he",
        "outputId": "7e1dd3cf-214d-4d48-a016-ea92409bd7c5"
      },
      "execution_count": 104,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'name': 'Viky',\n",
              " 'age': 30,\n",
              " 'profession': 'teaching',\n",
              " 'salary': 10000,\n",
              " 'education': 'btech'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 104
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "del my_dict['salary']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gfY0vNlzc_Zv"
      },
      "execution_count": 105,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "pVKnCYcPdB-f",
        "outputId": "8eb598ed-8b98-47ee-b1cd-97d2294da50e"
      },
      "execution_count": 106,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'name': 'Viky', 'age': 30, 'profession': 'teaching', 'education': 'btech'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 106
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "del my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LVcONos8dURO"
      },
      "execution_count": 109,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 144
        },
        "id": "yx4DVIpTdWC4",
        "outputId": "3420f1a7-9b88-4b50-e6d4-868da118cc1d"
      },
      "execution_count": 110,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "NameError",
          "evalue": "name 'my_dict' is not defined",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-110-23f353dd2d1f>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<cell line: 1>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mmy_dict\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'my_dict' is not defined"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict = {\"name\": \"Viky\", \"age\": 30, \"profession\": \"teaching\"}\n",
        "\n",
        "other_dict = [\"salary\", 10000], [\"education\", \"btech\"]\n",
        "\n",
        "my_dict.update(other_dict)\n",
        "print(my_dict)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "z_u3ORNqdaF6",
        "outputId": "0c84f2f5-ae41-44ab-fb3a-9c706cfd10ff"
      },
      "execution_count": 114,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "{'name': 'Viky', 'age': 30, 'profession': 'teaching', 'salary': 10000, 'education': 'btech'}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict.clear()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rUypi7Dpdf3R"
      },
      "execution_count": 115,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "my_dict"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "4ZrNFr3wdip9",
        "outputId": "4dae1cea-138e-40e0-eae7-04937615b7e1"
      },
      "execution_count": 116,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 116
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}